Thermal Performance Analysis and Longevity Testing of Innovative Eco-Friendly Building Insulation Materials in Different Climates

Abstract

The building sector is one of the largest contributors to global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, largely due to heating and cooling demands. Thermal insulation materials play a critical role in improving building energy efficiency; however, conventional insulation materials are often associated with high embodied energy, poor recyclability, and environmental concerns. This study presents a comprehensive thermal performance and longevity evaluation of innovative eco-friendly insulation materials designed for sustainable building applications across different climatic conditions. Natural fiber-based insulation, aerogel-enhanced composites, and recycled material-based insulators were experimentally assessed for thermal conductivity, heat flux resistance, moisture behavior, and long-term durability. Accelerated aging tests simulating hot-humid, cold-dry, and temperate climates were conducted to analyze performance degradation over time. Results indicate that eco-friendly insulation materials can achieve comparable or superior thermal resistance relative to conventional insulators while maintaining structural integrity and environmental compatibility. The findings support the integration of sustainable insulation solutions in climate-responsive building design and energy-efficient construction practices.